Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 11 December 2024; doi:10.1038/s41571-024-00978-9Ipilimumab plus nivolumab efficacious in patients with dMMR/MSI-H disease

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 09 December 2024; doi:10.1038/s41571-024-00970-3Leptomeningeal metastatic disease (LMD) arises secondary to the metastatic dissemination of cancer cells into the leptomeninges and cerebrospinal fluid. Novel therapies against systemic disease have not yet translated into improved outcomes for patients with LMD, in whom median survival after diagnosis remains at 2–6 months. The authors of this Review, a multidisciplinary group of experts, describe the emerging evidence and areas of active investigation in LMD and provide directed recommendations for future research.

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 03 December 2024; doi:10.1038/s41571-024-00966-zThe experience with PARP inhibitors provides evidence of the clinical utility of synthetic lethality, whereby the simultaneous presence of two specific alterations is required for antitumour activity. In this Review, the authors describe attempts to identify novel synthetic lethal interactions, including the role of emerging technologies in identifying new synthetic lethal relationships as well as novel agents that are currently being tested in clinical trials that might extend the clinical relevance of synthetic lethality beyond PARP inhibitors.

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 29 November 2024; doi:10.1038/s41571-024-00971-2Third-generation EGFR tyrosine-kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are the standard-of-care first-line treatment for patients with advanced-stage EGFR-mutant NSCLC and their efficacy is being investigated in early stage and locally advanced disease. The authors of this Review describe the current first-line treatment options for EGFR-mutant NSCLC, discuss mechanisms of acquired resistance to third-generation EGFR TKIs and new promising treatment strategies, such as bispecific antibodies, next-generation TKIs, antibody–drug conjugates, immunotherapy approaches and targeted protein degraders.